R vs Tolson(1889) 23 QBD 168 This case is related to Section 494 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), which deals with the offence of bigamy . Bigamy is the act of marrying another person while being already married to someone else. According to Section 494, whoever commits bigamy shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine. However, as discussed in the previous message, the defendant in R vs Tolson had a valid defence of mistake of fact , as she had an honest and reasonable belief that her husband was dead when she remarried. Therefore, she was not guilty of bigamy, as she did not have the mens rea or the guilty mind required for the offence. Detailed facts and judgement of R vs Tolson case with citation. Here is a summary of the case : - The appellant, who was the first husband of the defendant. His name was Mr. Kelly Tolson . - The defendant, who was the second wife of the appellant and the fi...